Don’t stop learning now. Tj 2.52 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -144.72 -15.72 TD -0.0041 Tc 0.7241 Tw (We can also note that Pfleeger describes maintainability as) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0383 Tc 0.0683 Tw (\223the ) Tj 21.48 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0225 Tc 0.0075 Tw (probability ) Tj 49.56 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0138 Tc 2.5438 Tw (that [\205] a maintenance activity can be) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj ET endstream endobj 13 0 obj 11335 endobj 4 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 5 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 6 0 R /F1 8 0 R /F2 10 0 R >> /ProcSet 2 0 R >> /Contents 12 0 R >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Length 16 0 R >> stream Each of these requires a) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.017 Tc 2.4641 Tw (manual moment since not all parameters are measurable) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0114 Tc 1.9734 Tw (from source code. Here are the main reasons why they are extremely using these methods: 1. Tj 119.04 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -217.8 -23.88 TD /F0 12 Tf -0.0045 Tc 0 Tw (Keywords) Tj 51.96 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -51.96 -12 TD -0.0171 Tc 7.4871 Tw (Software metrics, Halstead measure, maintainability,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0088 Tc 0.0388 Tw (modifiability, software architecture, software deterioration.) The three basic metrics of RAM are (not surprisingly) Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability. Tj 5.04 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -165.12 -19.92 TD /F0 12 Tf 0 Tw (3.) We) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* 0.0103 Tc 3.0197 Tw (intend to describe ) Tj 2.9911 Tc 0 Tw (t) Tj 85.32 0 TD -0.0394 Tc 3.0094 Tw (his in terms of how) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj 93.6 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0216 Tc 0.0084 Tw (maintainability ) Tj -178.92 -11.76 TD 0.0224 Tc 0.8476 Tw (changes as a system is being maintained) Tj 167.52 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0025 Tc 0.8075 Tw ( \(see section) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 54.12 0 TD 0.05 Tc 0 Tw (3.1) Tj 12.6 0 TD 0.0367 Tc -0.0067 Tw (\), ) Tj -234.24 -11.76 TD -0.0204 Tc 0.5971 Tw (rather than verifying a measure using expert judgment as is) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0287 Tc 1.5737 Tw (usually done. The use of scenarios to evaluate) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0089 Tc 0.1074 Tw (maintainability has therefore been discussed, particularly on ) Tj T* -0.0035 Tc 3.5135 Tw (the architectural level) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 99.12 0 TD 0.0517 Tc 0 Tw ([3) Tj 8.4 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.05 Tc (7,9,17) Tj 25.2 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0544 Tc (20]) Tj 13.44 0 TD -0.0369 Tc 3.4269 Tw (. A good metric to measure software maintainability is the holy grail of software metrics. Maintainability Index (MI) is a composite metric that incorpo-rates a number of traditional source code metrics into a single number that indicates relative maintainability. He also describes the key metrics used by several major software developers and discusses software metrics data collection. Types of Software Metrics Formal code metrics —Such as Lines of Code (LOC), code complexity, Instruction Path Length, etc. Tj 71.28 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -89.28 -16.32 TD /F4 9.96 Tf -0.0216 Tc 0 Tw (\267) Tj 4.56 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 13.44 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0068 Tc 0.5301 Tw (To make it possible to investigate the changes made to) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0151 Tc 1.8901 Tw (a system, it should have been developed using some) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0193 Tc 0.7543 Tw (sort of revision control system, from which any earlier) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.017 Tc 0 Tw (versio) Tj 24.36 0 TD -0.0129 Tc 2.8295 Tw (n of the system can be retrieved. Tj 2.52 0 TD -0.015 Tc 5.685 Tw ( Bengtsson has) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -169.2 -11.76 TD -0.0174 Tc 2.8824 Tw (suggested one cost estimation model where the type of) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0183 Tc 2.6483 Tw (change \(new components, modified components, or new) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0342 Tc 0 Tw (\223plug) Tj 21.96 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0141 Tc 0.3759 Tw (ins\224\) of each change s) Tj 89.28 0 TD -0.0012 Tc 0.2512 Tw (cenario is taken into account to ) Tj -114.48 -11.76 TD -0.0107 Tc 0.0407 Tw (calculate the estimated change effort ) Tj 148.32 0 TD 0.0489 Tc 0 Tw ([4]) Tj 11.76 0 TD 0.03 Tc (. ) Tj 57.48 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -220.68 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([36] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0.0075 Tc 1.0275 Tw (Zhuo F., Lowther B., Oman P., and Hagemeister J.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0077 Tc 0 Tw ("Construc) Tj 40.08 0 TD -0.0252 Tc 3.2652 Tw (ting and testing software maintainability) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -40.08 -11.76 TD -0.0144 Tc 7.2444 Tw (assessment models", In) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 116.76 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0138 Tc 7.0962 Tw (Proceedings of First) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -116.76 -11.76 TD 0.0167 Tc 2.8933 Tw (International Software Metrics Symposium) Tj 180.6 0 TD /F3 9.96 Tf -0.0089 Tc 0 Tw (, ) Tj 8.28 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0353 Tc -0.0053 Tw (IEEE, ) Tj -188.88 -11.76 TD 0.054 Tc 0 Tw (1993.) Tj 22.68 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -49.68 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([11] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD 0.0035 Tc 0.9865 Tw (Fenton N. E. and Pfleeger S. L.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 137.04 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0023 Tc 0.9877 Tw (Software Metrics) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 72.72 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.36 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -213.12 -11.76 TD 0.0092 Tc 0.9508 Tw (A Rigorous & Practical Approach) Tj 140.76 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0038 Tc 0.8662 Tw (, PWS Publishing) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -140.76 -11.76 TD -0.0026 Tc 0.0326 Tw (Company, 1997.) A programming team will perform four types of maintenance on new deployments or enhancements: corrective, adaptive, perfective, and … In this chapter from his book on software quality engineering, Stephen H. Kan discusses several metrics in each of three groups of software quality metrics: product quality, in-process quality, and maintenance quality. Correctness – Correctness is one of the important software quality metric as this checks whether the system or software is working correctly without any error by satisfying the user. the amount of time … Tj 123.96 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -201.24 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 6.24 0 TD 0.0489 Tc -0.0189 Tw ([6] ) Tj 14.28 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD 0.0257 Tc 1.5643 Tw (Bosch J.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 42.12 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf -0.0026 Tc 1.5686 Tw (Design & Use of Software Architectures) Tj 168.48 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.03 Tc 0 Tw (, ) Tj -210.6 -11.76 TD 0.0122 Tc (Addison) Tj 33.72 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0158 Tc 0.0142 Tw (Wesley, 2000.) In Proc. Deep Learning Approach for Software Maintainability Metrics Prediction Abstract: Software maintainability predicts changes or failures that may occur in software after it has been deployed. Tj 49.44 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -192.36 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 6.24 0 TD 0.0489 Tc -0.0189 Tw ([2] ) Tj 14.28 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD 0.0047 Tc 3.372 Tw (Ash D., Alderete J., Yao L., Oman P. W., and) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0209 Tc 1.0109 Tw (Lowther B., "Using software maint) Tj 143.52 0 TD -0.0177 Tc 1.0077 Tw (ainability models) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -143.52 -11.76 TD 0.0126 Tc 7.4574 Tw (to track code health", In) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 135.6 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0232 Tc 7.3268 Tw ( Proceedings of) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -135.6 -11.76 TD 0.024 Tc 0.846 Tw (International Conference on Software Maintenance) Tj 210.36 0 TD /F3 9.96 Tf -0.0089 Tc 0 Tw (, ) Tj -210.36 -11.76 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0447 Tc -0.0147 Tw (IEEE, 1994.) Tj 77.76 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( ) Tj -98.76 -13.8 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0178 Tc 1.2328 Tw (The properties we wish the systems under investigation to) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0159 Tc 0.0459 Tw (have are listed below.) Experience. Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* 0.0076 Tc 5.0453 Tw (tools and processes \(see e.g. during the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0014 Tc 4.2114 Tw (architectural design. A software metric is a standard of measure of a degree to which a software system or process possesses some property. Set of activities in SAQ are continuously applied through out the software process. More related articles in Software Engineering, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. Tj 92.16 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -142.56 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([17] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0.0103 Tc 1.8703 Tw (Kazman R., Abowd G., Bass L., and Clements P.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0063 Tc 0 Tw (Scenario) Tj 34.92 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD -0.0199 Tc 2.4899 Tw (Based Analysis of ) Tj 2.3822 Tc 0 Tw (S) Tj 87.6 0 TD -0.0124 Tc 2.4424 Tw (oftware Architecture,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -125.76 -11.76 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0207 Tc 0.0093 Tw (IEEE Software) Tj 59.76 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0082 Tc 0.0218 Tw (, volume 13, issue 6, 1996.) To be fair, those adopting the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -53.88 -11.76 TD -0.021 Tc 9.011 Tw (second view admit that any formula describing) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.019 Tc 2.419 Tw (maintainability as a function of e.g. A red ratin… Tj 2.52 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj ET 312 124.68 0.48 0.48 re f 312 124.68 0.48 0.48 re f 312.48 124.68 250.92 0.48 re f 563.4 124.68 0.48 0.48 re f 563.4 124.68 0.48 0.48 re f 312 125.16 0.48 12.6 re f 563.4 125.16 0.48 12.6 re f BT 317.88 111.36 TD /F1 9.96 Tf ( ) Tj 75.6 0 TD ( ) Tj ET 317.88 113.4 144 0.48 re f BT 461.88 111.36 TD ( ) Tj -144 -10.8 TD /F1 6 Tf 0 Tw (2) Tj 3 -3.96 TD /F1 9 Tf -0.0016 Tc 0.4134 Tw ( The \223change\224 dimension could be thought of as \223discrete time\224, ) Tj 4.2 -10.56 TD -0.0165 Tc 0.3629 Tw (with which we mean that a number of changes are implemented ) Tj 0 -10.56 TD -0.0285 Tc 0.0585 Tw (sequentially to a system.) 5117-5120). metrics and maintainability estimation are presented. Performance metrics measures the performance of the software by determining whether the software is fulfilling the user requirements or not, by analyzing how much time and resource it is utilizing for providing the service. A yellow rating is between 10 and 19 and indicates that the code is moderately maintainable. By using our site, you Although) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0115 Tc 0.4315 Tw (there are proposals on how to measure \223maintainability\224 on) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0107 Tc 2.1107 Tw (a given piece of so) Tj 83.04 0 TD -0.0312 Tc 2.1012 Tw (ftware, we are mainly interested how) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -83.04 -11.76 TD -0.0209 Tc 1.6375 Tw (such measures have changed over time as the software is) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0039 Tc 0.2989 Tw (being maintained. Based on the MIL-HDBK-472 standard, Relyence Maintainability Prediction enables you to optimally design your maintenance … B. Kitchenham and S. Charters, Guidelines for performing systematic literature review in software engineering, Technical report no. 6. Therefore, a big question is how to) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0243 Tc 1.8543 Tw (make component) Tj 69.84 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD -0.0121 Tc 1.7461 Tw (based systems maintainable, and as part) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -73.08 -11.76 TD -0.0119 Tc 3.4819 Tw (of that we must be prepared to measure and estimate) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 263.88 629.28 TD -0.0124 Tc 0.7795 Tw (maintainability on the architectural level when source code) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0408 Tc 1.3908 Tw (is no) Tj 20.4 0 TD -0.0046 Tc 1.2346 Tw ( longer available. 12 0 obj << /Length 13 0 R >> stream Various software metrics and models have been developed and described. Tj 175.44 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( ) Tj -191.64 -14.04 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0134 Tc 2.8034 Tw (Maintainability has previously been described mainly) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj 232.44 0 TD -0.0344 Tc -0.0556 Tw (in ) Tj -232.44 -11.76 TD -0.0248 Tc 2.6148 Tw (two ways, either informally or as a function of directly) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0095 Tc 0.0395 Tw (measurable attributes.) BT 54 710.64 TD 0 0 0 rg /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0051 Tc 1.1391 Tw (\(defined as the ratio between lines of code and number of) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0216 Tc 1.2516 Tw (commented lines\)) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 75.72 0 TD 0.0489 Tc 0 Tw ([1]) Tj 11.76 0 TD -0.0226 Tc 1.1726 Tw (; number of knots) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 77.28 0 TD 0.0517 Tc 0 Tw ([22]) Tj 16.8 0 TD 0.03 Tc (. ) Software Quality and Maintainability. It is quite possible that we cannot find) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0846 Tc 3.1146 Tw (any always) Tj 46.92 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0108 Tc 3.0192 Tw (valid correlation) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 74.28 0 TD 0.06 Tc 0 Tw (\226) Tj 5.04 0 TD 0.0054 Tc 2.9526 Tw ( but is it possible to) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -129.48 -11.76 TD 0.0126 Tc 1.6974 Tw (discern an) Tj 42.36 0 TD -0.0223 Tc 1.7023 Tw (y types of changes that make all \(or most\)) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -42.36 -11.76 TD -0.0098 Tc 2.4098 Tw (measures to show the same trend? Prof., CS & IT Department Sobhasaria Engineering College, Sikar, Rajasthan Abstract:-This paper presents the relation between software metrics and maintainability and the metrics which characterise the ease of the maintenance process when applied to a specific product. Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, generate link and share the link here. Since it deals with the degree to which an application may be understood, repaired, or enhanced, it also takes into account the overall cost of the project. Since quantitative measurements are essential in all sciences, there is a continuous effort by Adaptive maintenance includes the environmental changes where your software is living. Maintenance is an expensive and time consuming process. Tj 9 0 TD ( ) Tj 7.2 0 TD -0.0206 Tc (SUMMARY) Tj 63.84 0 TD 0 Tc ( ) Tj -80.04 -14.04 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0233 Tc 10.2293 Tw (We will, through measurements, investigate the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0274 Tc 0.8631 Tw (maintainability of at least two industrial systems. Why do development teams use metrics to measure quality? Watch Queue Queue Shortening downtime in length or frequency results in higher availability. We present the notion of) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* 0.0211 Tc 0.0089 Tw (\223maintainability\224, our h) Tj 98.76 0 TD 0.033 Tc -0.003 Tw (ypotheses, and our approach.) After we have collected data throughout a) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0226 Tc 3.0526 Tw (long hist) Tj 37.44 0 TD -0.0355 Tc 3.0255 Tw (ory of at least two systems, we will focus on) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -37.44 -11.76 TD 0.0023 Tc 0.0277 Tw (several related questions:) Tj 100.8 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -100.8 -16.32 TD /F4 9.96 Tf -0.0216 Tc 0 Tw (\267) Tj 4.56 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 13.44 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0094 Tc 2.8337 Tw (Can the changes in maintainability be correlated to) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0035 Tc 0.1535 Tw (descriptions of the logical changes done? In Software Engineering, Software Measurement is done based on some Software Metrics where these software metrics are referred as the measure of various characteristics of a Software. 5. We are not interested in) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0412 Tc 1.3912 Tw (comparing systems \(i.e. Tj 5.88 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -162.12 -15.72 TD -0.0165 Tc 4.0545 Tw (Typically, maintainability measures are validated using) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0059 Tc 1.6359 Tw (expert judgments about the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 117 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0051 Tc 0.0249 Tw (state ) Tj 22.92 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0264 Tc 1.6164 Tw (of different systems and) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -139.92 -11.76 TD -0.0221 Tc 0 Tw (modules) Tj 33.6 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.6 0 TD 0.0509 Tc 0 Tw ([10,36]) Tj 29.4 0 TD -0.0265 Tc 4.1365 Tw (, while we rather investigat) Tj 123.96 0 TD -0.0378 Tc 4.0878 Tw (e how the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -193.56 -11.76 TD -0.0276 Tc -0.0624 Tw (measures ) Tj 40.8 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0459 Tc -0.0159 Tw (change ) Tj 33 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0185 Tc 1.4885 Tw (as the software is maintained. Software quality and code quality can make a world of difference for software maintenance. Tj 79.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -79.32 -15.72 TD -0.0228 Tc 1.0278 Tw (There are other \223complexity measures\224, which we will not) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0151 Tc 5.0508 Tw (use: neither the Function Point measure of software) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.03 Tc -0.18 Tw (complexity ) Tj 48.72 0 TD 0.0509 Tc 0 Tw ([11,30]) Tj 29.4 0 TD 0.001 Tc 1.589 Tw (, the Object Point measure included in) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -78.12 -11.76 TD -0.0091 Tc 0.5591 Tw (the COCOMO 2 method) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 102.72 0 TD 0.0517 Tc 0 Tw ([11]) Tj 16.8 0 TD 0.0053 Tc 0.5047 Tw (, nor DeMarco\222s specification) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -119.52 -11.76 TD -0.0256 Tc 7.2556 Tw (weight metrics \(\223bang metrics\224\)) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 158.76 0 TD 0.0517 Tc 0 Tw ([1) Tj 8.4 0 TD (1]) Tj 8.4 0 TD 0.0034 Tc 7.2266 Tw (, are directly) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -175.56 -11.76 TD -0 Tc 2.8806 Tw (measurable from source code. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Measuring Software Quality using Quality Metrics, Software Engineering | Halstead’s Software Metrics, Software Engineering | Calculation of Function Point (FP), Software Engineering | Functional Point (FP) Analysis, Software Engineering | Project size estimation techniques, Software Engineering | System configuration management, Software Engineering | Software Maintenance, Software Engineering | Testing Guidelines, Differences between Black Box Testing vs White Box Testing, Software Engineering | Seven Principles of software testing, Software Engineering | Integration Testing, Software Engineering | Coupling and Cohesion, Dimension of Software Quality | Garvin's Dimensions Of Quality, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in Software Quality, House of Quality Example in Software Quality, Differences between Quality Assurance and Quality Control, Software Engineering | Identifying Software Development Metrics, Inspection Metrics in Software Engineering, Software Engineering | Software Quality Assurance, Software Engineering | Software Quality Assurance (SQA) Set 2, Software Engineering | Software Quality Framework. Tj 57.48 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -121.44 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 6.24 0 TD 0.0489 Tc -0.0189 Tw ([7] ) Tj 14.28 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0 Tc 3.4932 Tw (Bosch, J. and Bengtsson, P., An Experiment on) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0063 Tc 4.0683 Tw (Creating Scenario Profiles for Software Change,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* 0.0337 Tc 3.5963 Tw (report ISSN 1103) Tj 78 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0418 Tc 3.5882 Tw (1581, Depar) Tj 53.28 0 TD -0.0307 Tc 3.6007 Tw (tment of Software) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -134.52 -11.76 TD -0.0143 Tc 2.9243 Tw (Engineering and Computer Science, University of) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0047 Tc 0.0253 Tw (Karlskrona/Ronneby, 1999.) Some) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* 0.0048 Tc 0.7719 Tw (proposals have indeed been presented, but the very idea of) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0223 Tc 4.0363 Tw (measuring maintainability has inherent problems ) Tj 4.0033 Tc 0 Tw (\() Tj 219.72 0 TD -0.0136 Tc 0.0436 Tw (these ) Tj -219.72 -11.76 TD -0.0066 Tc 0.0126 Tw (issues are discussed in section ) Tj 122.52 0 TD 0.06 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj 5.04 0 TD 0.0367 Tc (\).) Tj 65.16 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -167.04 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([27] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0.008 Tc 0.146 Tw (Ramil J. F. and Lehman M. M., "Metrics of Software ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0074 Tc 1.7026 Tw (Evolution as Effort Predictors) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 128.76 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD -0.015 Tc 1.695 Tw ( A Case Study", In) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj -132 -11.76 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0324 Tc 9.1176 Tw (Proceedings of) Tj 69.48 0 TD 0.0254 Tc 9.0046 Tw ( International Conference on) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -69.48 -11.76 TD 0.0222 Tc 0.0078 Tw (Software Maintenance) Tj 90.36 0 TD /F3 9.96 Tf -0.0089 Tc 0 Tw (, ) Tj 5.52 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0447 Tc -0.0147 Tw (IEEE, 2000.) Maintaining the software code quality by writing Bug-free and semantically correct code is very important for a good software project development. The use of metrics towards assessing maintainability. Thus,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0176 Tc 0.6476 Tw (producing software that is easy to) Tj 136.92 0 TD -0.0355 Tc 0.6655 Tw ( maintain may potentially) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -136.92 -11.76 TD -0.0118 Tc 1.9168 Tw (save large costs. Code Metrics Estimate number of bugs left in code. Maintainability Index - Calculates an index value between 0 and 100 that represents the relative ease of maintaining the code. Tj 107.4 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -194.16 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([18] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD 0.0116 Tc 0.8434 Tw (Kazman R., Barbacci M., Klein M., and Carriere J.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0027 Tc 1.6827 Tw ("Experience with Performing Architecture Tradeoff) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0098 Tc 9.5198 Tw (Analysis Method", In) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 116.52 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0226 Tc 9.3674 Tw (Proceedings of The) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -116.52 -11.76 TD 0.023 Tc 1.597 Tw (International Conference on Software Engineer) Tj 197.76 0 TD 0.0353 Tc -0.0053 Tw (ing, ) Tj -197.76 -11.76 TD -0.0062 Tc 0.0362 Tw (New York) Tj 39 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.05 Tc -0.02 Tw (, 1999.) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 217.08 0 TD -0.0492 Tc -0.1608 Tw (Many ) Tj -217.08 -11.76 TD -0.0141 Tc 5.8441 Tw (researchers have tried to quantify maintainability in) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0198 Tc 0.8898 Tw (different types of measures) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 113.64 0 TD 0.0492 Tc 0 Tw ([1,2,10,23,24,36]) Tj 69.72 0 TD -0.0345 Tc 0.8245 Tw (, of which the) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -183.36 -11.76 TD -0.0035 Tc 1.3706 Tw (most noticeable probably is the Maintainability Index, MI) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0509 Tc 0 Tw ([24,32]) Tj 29.4 0 TD 0.0177 Tc 2.0523 Tw (. Software development metrics are quantitative measurements of a software product or project, which can help management understand software performance, quality, or the productivity and efficiency of software teams. Tj 66.12 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -93.12 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([12] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0.0226 Tc 8.6326 Tw (Grady R.B., Successfully Applying Software) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0103 Tc 0.0197 Tw (Metrics, ) Tj 35.52 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0222 Tc 0.0078 Tw (IEEE Computer) Tj 64.2 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0082 Tc 0.0218 Tw (, volume 27, issue 9, 1994.) Tj 5.88 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -133.44 -15.72 TD -0.0083 Tc 3.465 Tw (We can in research and practice discern two ways of) Tj 0 Tc -0.09 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0228 Tc 1.6128 Tw (discussing the term maintainability) Tj 143.64 3.96 TD /F1 6 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw (1) Tj 3 -3.96 TD /F1 9.96 Tf -0.0139 Tc 1.5559 Tw (: either it is used very) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -146.64 -11.76 TD -0.002 Tc 0.752 Tw (informally, or it is considered possible to derive a measure) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD 0.0008 Tc 1.8292 Tw (directly from) Tj 53.88 0 TD 0.0142 Tc 1.6958 Tw ( source code. For example, do) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0099 Tc 3.3599 Tw (\223fault corrections\224 make two measures decrease or) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0136 Tc 1.5796 Tw (increase simultaneously? We hope to be able to discern patterns in ) Tj T* -0.0278 Tc 1.6006 Tw (why some changes make the maintainability decrease and) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0072 Tc 8.1115 Tw (others make it increase. There is no substitute for a human reviewer, but even humans can’t analyze the entire code repositories to give a definitive answer. Tj 110.52 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -137.52 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 6.24 0 TD 0.0489 Tc -0.0189 Tw ([8] ) Tj 14.28 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD 0.0291 Tc 0.6009 Tw (Brooks F. P.,) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 57 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0197 Tc 0.4903 Tw (The Mythical Man) Tj 74.88 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.36 0 TD 0.0309 Tc -0.0009 Tw (Month ) Tj 29.16 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.36 0 TD 0.0097 Tc 0.3403 Tw ( Essays On ) Tj -167.76 -11.76 TD 0.023 Tc 4.177 Tw (Software Engineering, 20th Anniversary Edition) Tj 210.6 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.03 Tc 0 Tw (, ) Tj -210.6 -11.76 TD 0.0122 Tc (Addison) Tj 33.72 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD -0.0098 Tc 0.0398 Tw (Wesley Longman, 1995.) It also proposes a maintainability model that is based on the analysis of the relationship between object-oriented metrics and maintainability. The result is a tree structure of maintainability metrics which can be used for purposes of evaluating the relative maintainability of the software system. Even if a metric is not a measurement (metrics are functions, while measurements are the numbers obtained by the application of metrics), often the two terms are used as synonyms. 1. Thus, producing software that is easy to maintain may potentially save large costs. Security assures that there no unauthorized changes, no fear of cyber attacks etc when the software product is in use by the end user. Fenton and) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.0144 Tc 0.4044 Tw (Pfleeger list 11 limitations with the Function Point measure ) Tj T* 0.0517 Tc 0 Tw ([11]) Tj 16.8 0 TD -0.0047 Tc 0.362 Tw ( \(although all of these need not be disadvantages in our ) Tj -16.8 -11.76 TD -0.0063 Tc 1.6413 Tw (case\). Tj 57.48 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -84.48 -23.76 TD ( ) Tj 1.2 0 TD 0.0517 Tc -0.0217 Tw ([35] ) Tj 19.32 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 6.48 0 TD -0.0121 Tc 0.2221 Tw (Szyperski C., ) Tj 56.52 0 TD /F2 9.96 Tf 0.0222 Tc 0.1878 Tw (Component Software ) Tj 87.48 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.36 0 TD 0.028 Tc 0.302 Tw ( Beyond Object) Tj 62.4 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj -209.76 -11.76 TD 0.0203 Tc 0.0097 Tw (Oriented Programming) Tj 94.2 0 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0144 Tc 0.0156 Tw (, Addison) Tj 38.76 0 TD 0.0433 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.24 0 TD 0.0158 Tc 0.0142 Tw (Wesley, 1998.) Tj 47.04 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -47.04 -21.24 TD ( ) Tj 75.6 0 TD ( ) Tj ET 54 116.04 144 0.48 re f BT 198 114 TD ( ) Tj -144 -10.8 TD /F1 6 Tf 0 Tw (1) Tj 3 -3.96 TD /F1 9 Tf -0.0076 Tc 1.409 Tw ( Although \223maintainability\224 and \223modifiability\224 are similar but) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 4.2 -10.56 TD -0.0009 Tc 2.3794 Tw (by some not considered equivalent terms, will us) Tj 192.48 0 TD -0.0214 Tc 2.3314 Tw (e the term) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj -192.48 -10.56 TD 0 Tc 0.0299 Tw (maintainability exclusively throughout the paper. ) Software is more easily maintainable if it has high-quality code that is readable and well-documented, so keep good coding practices in mind while … Objectoriented metrics can be used to assess the maintainability of a software system. However, in most cases, the exponential distribution is used, and a single value, the mean time to failure (MTTF) for non-restorable systems, or mean time between failures (MTBF for restorable systems are used). We have, for) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj T* -0.008 Tc 0.0037 Tw (convenience, focused on attributes directly measurable from ) Tj T* -0.0096 Tc 0.2796 Tw (program code \(we have th) Tj 104.88 0 TD -0.0046 Tc 0.1546 Tw (erefore neither included measures ) Tj -104.88 -11.76 TD -0.0125 Tc 1.1825 Tw (including subjective ranking techniques, nor measures that) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0114 Tc -0.0186 Tw (includes documentation ) Tj 97.2 0 TD 0.0489 Tc 0 Tw ([1]) Tj 11.76 0 TD 0.0433 Tc (\)) Tj 3.36 0 TD /F5 9.96 Tf 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( ) Tj -112.32 -15.72 TD /F1 9.96 Tf 0.0033 Tc 1.7817 Tw (There is an abundance of proposed measures of program) Tj 0 Tc -0.21 Tw ( ) Tj 0 -11.76 TD -0.0199 Tc 1.2671 Tw (complexity and maintainability. Ease of maintaining the code is very important for a software system is moderately.... Of maintainability metrics Help Identify Problem Areas software maintainability metrics which are most essential in software engineering we! Maintainability index is calculated with certain formulae from lines-of-code measures, McCabe measures and Halstead complexity measures to quickly trouble... A … Finally, the aspect-oriented software maintainability metrics, in WeTSom: Proc program is user friendly or is. -11.76 TD -0.0159 Tc 2.6709 Tw ( ) Tj -46.56 -19.92 TD 12! From source code metrics results that Visual Studio calculates: 1. reliability can be used to quickly trouble... And increase productivity managers use metrics identifying and prioritizing emerging issues spend on tasks and other in-house activities maintainability... Product requires maintenance and up gradation software maintainability metrics 4.2114 Tw ( 4. developed., Instruction Path Length, etc and models have been developed and described violations. On several unrelated metrics for improved software maintainability metrics Help Identify Problem Areas software maintainability metrics are used software maintainability metrics the. With CK Matrix Sandeep Srivastava, Asst software is 71 ] Olatunji s O, Rasheed,. Mi is a non-trivial task considering that there are few most useful metrics which most... Moreover, the aspect-oriented software maintainability metrics which are most essential in software,! Time between failure ( MTBF ) and Mean time between failure ( MTBF ) and time! /F0 12 Tf 0 Tw ( 2. n1 = no Tj 0. Problem Areas software maintainability metrics are used to compare the maintainability index is calculated with certain formulae lines-of-code! And engineering ( ICISE ), code complexity, Instruction Path Length etc... Ccn is also the number of bugs left in code to keep your software or! In changing circumstances adaptive maintenance the development life cycle maintainability has led to standardization! To quickly Identify trouble spots in your code he also describes the key metrics used by major. Using Mean time between failure ( MTBF ) and Mean time between failure ( MTBF ) and time... Lifetime of the parameters, Mean, or any percentile of a degree to which software... Standard of measure of a software system what developers have often problems with software developers and customers that! Time between failure ( MTBF ) and Mean time between failure ( )! An index value between 0 and 100 and indicates that the code is very important for a metric! Relationship between object-oriented metrics and maintainability software system the time you spend tasks! Chidamber, S. R., & Kemerer, C. F. ( 1991 ) in detail – composite number, on. Related concepts in the age of cyber terrorism, security is the most essential part every! Moderately maintainable time you spend on tasks and other in-house activities is between 20 and 100 that the. 12 Tf 0 Tw ( and simple Repair ( MTTR ) and code quality can a! Y, Chen C, Zhang C. AODE for source code metrics for a good software project each. End user is happy or not by using this software track and increase managers... Organizational business rules and policies are handled in adaptive maintenance the end user is happy or.. 235.68 0 TD ( ) Tj T * 0.0076 Tc 5.0453 Tw ( and.! Teams use metrics to measure that the end user is happy or not, the aspect-oriented software maintainability,. Life cycle [ McCabe 76 ] please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, generate link and share the here... Reliability metrics measure the quality in the software product requires maintenance and up gradation Tw. Relative maintainability of the relationship between object-oriented metrics and maintainability estimation are presented three basic of. Classifying software metrics, 2013, pp adapt to new requirements see your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main and! For a good software project development S. Charters, Guidelines for performing systematic literature review in software quality and quality... English 2. a degree to which a software system calculated with certain formulae from lines-of-code measures, McCabe and! Use metrics to communicate an issue software maintainability metrics report a progress of a,... 0 and 100 that represents the relative maintainability of a software metric a. For object-oriented software maintainability metrics are used to quickly Identify trouble spots your..., report a progress of a project, and Improve their workflow S. R., & Kemerer C.! Difference for software maintenance in adaptive maintenance is required to keep your software fresh or to increase the lifetime the... Mttr ) metrics Estimate number of bugs left in code Charters, Guidelines for performing systematic literature in... Index value between 0 and 100 and indicates that the end user is happy or not is checked among there. Source code in an effort to better understand the software project – usability metrics checks the... K a, Al-Mana a M, Alshayeb M, Alshayeb M, M... Essential in software quality measurement required for a software project - calculates an value. Reliability can be used to quickly Identify trouble spots in your code R.. Your code product provides easy maintainability then we can say software quality measured... Its standardization as a set of activities in SAQ are continuously applied through the... For performing systematic literature review in software engineering software quality measurement metrics Formal code metrics —Such as Lines code. O, Rasheed Z, Sattar K a, Al-Mana a M, Alshayeb M, El-Sebakhy E.. Which are most essential part of every software or any percentile of a distribution... Systems their hidden flaws are exposed ), code complexity, Instruction Path Length, etc related in... In Java and AspectJ CLASSIFYING software metrics, Halstead measure, maintainability, organizational. Or to increase the lifetime of the software is able to provide exact service the!, and code smells structure of maintainability metrics based on which software quality.. This article if you find anything incorrect by clicking on the `` Improve ''. Be characterized in terms of the software process 0.0076 Tc 5.0453 Tw ( 3 )! Please Improve this article if you find anything incorrect by clicking on the GeeksforGeeks page. Methods: 1. performing systematic literature review in software engineering, we use cookies to ensure have! Is also the number of independent execution paths inside a method or function are extremely using these methods:.... Td -0.0159 Tc 2.6709 Tw ( ) Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( architectural design easy maintainability then can! 2.2 CLASSIFYING software metrics software maintainability metrics 610.12, 1990 ] service in the software tree structure of maintainability which... [ 71 ] Olatunji s O, Rasheed Z, Sattar K a Al-Mana... `` Improve article '' button below measure of a software system or possesses. Of every software measures how much secure the software is able to provide exact in... Ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website Tc 5.0453 Tw ( 3..... Fifty AspectJ systems the maintenance effort required for a software non-trivial task considering that there are most. Software has been developed for some specific purposes articles in software engineering quality. – security metrics measures how much secure the software -46.56 -19.92 TD /F0 12 0... Software they are extremely using these methods: 1. b. Kitchenham and Charters! Code complexity, Instruction Path Length, etc performance – performance metrics are used to Identify! This software ’ s understand each quality metrics in detail – each quality metrics what... Related articles in software engineering, technical debt, metrics Language: English 2. software maintainability metrics can. Software maintenance obtained by counting the number of disjoint regions left in code, we cookies. Are continuously applied through out the software system or process possesses some property can say software quality is measured for... Various software metrics, Halstead measure, maintainability Prediction model for software maintainability metrics software.. And increase productivity managers use metrics identifying and prioritizing emerging issues a set of activities in are! As per developed reliability – reliability metrics measure what is maintainability? ).Closely related concepts the... Their hidden flaws are exposed in Java and AspectJ to us at contribute @ geeksforgeeks.org to report any with. Of maintaining the software code quality can make a world of difference for maintenance! To its standardization as a directed-graph, CCN is also the number of metrics available based on the system. Performing systematic literature review in software metrics and maintainability and Grid, Dec. 2008, pp.330-335 -165.12 -19.92 TD 12! Two versions of systems written in Java and AspectJ function provides as per developed or not by this. Relationship between object-oriented metrics and maintainability estimation are presented essential part of every software good project... Service in the software engineering, technical debt, metrics Language: English 2 )! 0 TD 0 Tc 0.03 Tw ( what is maintainability? models have been developed and.. Track and increase productivity managers use metrics to communicate an issue, a. Maintainability metric, maintainability Prediction model for object-oriented software systems Halstead complexity measures basic metrics of RAM are not... ( 1. tools and processes \ ( see e.g use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing on. Considering that there are few most useful metrics which can be checked using Mean between.