Areas similar to hybridization, the genetic choice for optimistic manufacturing traits, and elevated introduction to acceptable traditional environments additionally seem to supply potential for additional enchancment, alternatives, and growth. Pangasius fish weighing about 18 Kg and 1.80 meters in length have been found. The use of feed, feed practices, and potential advances in feed manufacturing can have a significant impact on sustainability. fish meal Features: Fish swim slowly at the surface of the water and when examined show pale color on skin and gills, and internal white spots on the liver, kidney and spleen. ‘We supply around 80% of the raw material for our processing unit and we contract farmers to Opposite page: bailing fish from a wellboat. Brand: Sri Lakshmi Venkateshwara Pangasius is a genus of medium-large to very giant shark catfish native to contemporary water in South and Southeast Asia. Additional growth of aquaculture requirements will assist outline how the Pangasius aquaculture trade can enhance additional and safe a sustainable future. Storage Temperature: 24-26 Deg C. Country of Origin: Made in India. Initially generally known as Pangasius sutchii or Pangasius hypophthalmus, this riverine freshwater species is restricted to the Mekong River, the Chaopraya River and presumably the Mekong basins in Cambodia, Lao Individuals’ Democratic Republic, Thailand, and Viet Nam, along with the Ayeyawady basin of Myanmar, inside a variety of 19 °N to eight °N. The majority of fingerlings are transported from nursery to grow-out farms in transport tanks with continuously pumped water that is carried in boats. Rs 1.3/ Piece Get Latest Price. The Culture of Pangasius: Primarily reared in ponds and cages, Pangasius is usually stocked at high densities (around 60 -80 fish per m2) and grown for around 6- 8 months before reaching its harvest weight of around 1kg. With a streamlined physique, darkish gray-colored again, silver stomach, largemouth, and lengthy twin beard, Pangasius has extra purple blood cells than different fish, an extra respiratory organ, and might breathe by bubbles and pores and skin. Hence an experiment was conducted to know the effects of temperature changes on growth, blood glucose and hemoglobin levels in Thai pangas, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus after acclimatized to four temperature conditions, such as 24 °C, 28 °C, 32 °C and 36 °C for 28 days. Contact Seller. As long as culture conditions are good, Pangasius is resistant to disease during the grow-out period but deteriorating water quality, handling, or low water temperatures can all increase the likelihood of parasitic or bacterial infections. The map proven beneath is the output of the FAO statistics for Pangasius hypophthalmus producers international locations. The spawning interval is between February and October, with the age of sexual maturity identified to be 3 – 3.5 years. Earthen nursery ponds, normally 1000-5000 m2, are pre-prepared by drying (1-3 days, depending on the season), liming (1 t/ha), filling, and stocking with Moina. Net cages are sited on major river tributaries and range in size from 50 to 1600 m3 with larger cages having living quarters above the water. Find details of companies offering pangasius fish seed at best price. With a streamlined body, dark grey colored back, silver belly, wide mouth, and long twin beard, it has more red blood cells than other fish, an additional respiratory organ, and can breathe through bubbles and skin. Common Carp Facts – How Fast do Carp Grow. For instance, the gathering of fry from the Mekong River lowered pure fisheries and impacted on different species, however, this downside is being addressed by dwelling spawning strategies in addition to governmental restrictions on gathering fry and harvesting wild shares. Nonetheless, this doesn’t current the entire story, since Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Bangladesh, China, and the Lao Individuals’ Democratic Republic are additional producers however don’t report them individually. Water is important for all fish, so optimum conditions for certain parameters of water must be the primary factor to consider in engaging to fish culture. Pangasius has a variety of qualities that make it an acceptable candidate for aquaculture. The spawning period is between February and October, with the age of maturity known to be 3 – 3.5 years. But aquaculture in general can be viewed in a negative light when it comes to the issue of feed due to concerns for and perceptions of sustainability and the use of physical resources and biological resources. Though pangasius fish is usually present in freshwater, it may reside in salt concentrations of round 0.7% – 1% and alum water (PH >5) which might be tolerated at temperatures of around 30°C.With a streamlined physique, darkish gray-colored again, silver stomach, largemouth, and lengthy twin beard, Pangasius has extra purple blood cells than different fish, an extra respiratory organ, and might breathe by bubbles and pores and skin. Men and women develop at related charges, with the copy temperature between 26 and 28°C. The species has quite a lot of widespread English names together with Sutchi catfish, iridescent shark-catfish, and striped catfish. Bake the fish for 40 minutes. Fish Type: Pangasius. • Ideal for heavy feeders such as; corn, tomatoes, peppers, cannabis. The length of this fish usually reaches 130 CM, and the average weight is 44 kg. When the market price for Pangasius fish drops, farmers tend to apply both industrial and homemade feed. After 4 weeks, following a 24 hour starvation period the nursery ponds are partially (about 1/3 depth) gravity drained and then pumped dry, and the 0.3 to 1 g fry are harvested by seine net and transferred and stocked at 150 to 200/m2 in another pre-prepared pond without Moina. Starting point of the storage right after repack was considered as time 0 (0 h). Cage manufacturing happens in impoundments, lakes, or rivers, and stocking densities are usually round 100 – 150 fish/m3 and yields from around 100 – 120kg/m3. The water requirements of Pangasius are as follows: temperature should be kept between 22-30°C, with pH between 6.5 and 9.5. And an increasing trend towards the use of commercial pellets that contain rice bran, maize, and fishmeal. Common diseases of pangasius are given below; Tail and fin rot – The symptoms are rotting of tail and fin, light white color is seen at the corner of the fin, and spread all around the fin and then finally fall. At least 30 species of Pangasian catfish are distinguished, which differ from each other in size and lifestyle. Temperature : 72°F - 79°F (22°C - 26°C) Water Hardness : 2° to 20° dH, ... A very lively fish and they do tend to panic for sudden movements, but you learn to approach the tank and not just walk up to it. (Pangasius) is a large freshwater fish of the family somobraznyh. Improvements in feed can contribute to increases in growth rate, fish survival, and a shortening of the culture cycle. In case if you are interested in How to Make Money from Fish Feed Production. Pangasius by-products are additionally utilized in numerous functions similar to fishmeal, bio-diesel, and cosmetics, and since the flesh has a medium agency fine-grained texture and delicate flavor, it is also appropriate for a variety of value-added merchandise. The dry method of egg fertilization was followed. The demand for tilapia feeds is increasing and usage of tilapia feeds was estimated at 300,000 to 500,000 tonnes in 2013. The QIMschemeforchill-stored Pangasius filletsconsistedof6 After round 2 months throughout breeding, it reaches about 10-12cm lengthy and 14-15 grams in weight. 2009).Although high quantities of Vietnamese Pangasius products are exported to Western countries … Additionally, transportation overland for short distances can be carried out in metal drums without aeration. temperature are regularly monitored to ensure there are no issues that would affect the fish. Mature fish can attain a most customary complete size of 130 cm and as much as 44 kg in weight. Mr. Reddy was born in farmer's family and was into 'IT' profession where he was not happy with his activities. If the water remains in the hole for 1 to 2 days then it is good for fish farming but if no water remains in the hole then it is not good for fish farming. As an authentic name of this domain, we hold expertise in providing a high-quality array of Tilapia Fish Seed. It is now cultured in several countries in the world like Thailand, Nepal, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Indonesia, and Cambodia. Treatment – Drown the fish into a picric acid solution at 0.003% for 1 hour. Turbidity needs to be around 10-15cm and dissolved oxygen in the range of 2.5 - 7.5mg/l. To prevent the fish from starting to burn during this time, you can bake the pangasius for the first 20 minutes, covering the form with food foil. Farmers who lost fish appeared to be unprepared for the cold temperatures; pangasius reacts adversely when water temperatures fall below 16-18 degrees celsius, according to Seafood Guide. Pangasius is also called a river or silver striped catfish, Siamese shark, and swai catfish. Young fishes have black stripes along the lateral line while large adults are uniformly grey but sometimes with a greenish tint are found. Each fillet weighed approximately 200 ± 20 g. 2.2.2. The hydrolysates powder were obtained by hydrolysis using Alcalase®, centrifugation and spray drying of the supernatant. He plans collaborating his agriculture, horticulture and farming knowledge into a subject of help to all those who wish grow crops, venture into farming or gardening. Today, farms are obliged to give information on any possible environmental impact before farming operations can begin. As for commercially farmed fish, those weighing from 800 grams to 1,100 grams, after 6 to 8 months, excluding the breeding stage of 2 months, are best for harvesting. Pangasius fish FCR averages to 1.5:1; this makes it suitable for culture. 2009). • Slow release; feeds plants over an extended period of time Demand for the fish is excessive and anticipated to go up, whereas a variety of aquaculture manufacturing strategies has allowed the variety of fish to be produced to rise sharply. Vickers Hardness and Modulus Young [15]. These are finely ground, mixed, cooked, and cooled before being made into small handfuls and pressed into pellets. Sampling. Personally I like to broil the fish in the oven for about 11 min, always seems to have a great finish. Preheat oven to 425 degrees Fahrenheit. Company Details. Treatment – Several antibiotics and vaccinations are available which are used to cure red mouth disease. Feed additives are included as they enhance feed quality, fish health, and fish growth. Wild broodstock usually spawns twice-yearly however in cages in Viet Nam has been recorded as spawning a second time 6 to 17 weeks after the primary spawning.The life cycle of P. hypophthalmus is intimately tied to the annual monsoon flood cycle, with spawning happening in Might – June firstly of the monsoon season. In farming ponds, parent fish can reach a weight of about 25 Kg by the age of 10. A mature 10 kg feminine can spawn over a million eggs. These should be maintained to get a better yield for the culture of Pangasius spp. Striped catfish reach 1.0 to 1.5 kg after 6 months or less, depending on the size of fingerlings stocked. In the first nursing phase larvae are stocked at 400 to 500/m2 just before yolk sac absorption, so that natural feeds are available and the larvae have enough space to avoid cannibalism. pangasius fish farming in India, मछली पालन का सही तरीका, double profit in fish farming - Duration: 6:36. fish farming in India 148,485 views 6:36 The cost of Pangasius Fish is approximately Rs 90/ Kg (retail), however, you get less price at the farm gate. The first tends to use feed with high amounts of protein in Pangasius fish and minerals than the fish gain maximum length. One example is an industrial feed that can reduce some diseases and environmental pollution by feed residuals, but the industrial feed is more expensive than homemade feed. Skinless Pangasius fillets were prepared manually using filleting knife (Cartini kitchen stainless steel 420 knife). Nursing is done in two separate stages to reduce stocking density. Pangasius has become an affordable ‘white fish’ substitute for cod and other white fleshed fish species in the West (Phan et al. Originally known as Pangasius sutchii or Pangasius hypophthalmus, this riverine freshwater species is limited to the Mekong River, the Chaopraya River and possibly the Mekong basins in Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Thailand and Viet Nam, together with the Ayeyawady basin of Myanmar, within a range of 19 °N to 8 °N. On a plate, mix the flour, spices and sesame seeds. Homemade fresh feed is made from materials that are rice, fishmeal, and soybean. Because the demand for secure and sustainable seafood continues to go up, it is possible that the tradition and consumption of Pangasius might turn into extra mainstream. • Excellent source of nitrogen (10%) Vietnam is the largest Pangas‐producing country (Phan et al. Temperature: 72 to 79°F (22 to 26°C) pH: 6.5 to 7.5 Hardness: As the species' natural waters are subject to annual flooding, water parameters can vary considerably over the course of each year. Sensory Evaluation. Some farms use commercial pellets throughout the on-growing procedure, and others only in the first and last month while the fish are given farm-made food. The Pangasius fish grows up quite rapidly. Yields reach 250 to 300 tonnes/ha/crop, exceptionally reaching 500 tonnes/ha/crop in ponds. The Pangasius as a nutritionally low input species and this means that it can be produced efficiently with little animal protein, fishmeal, and fish oil. Both Tilapia and Pangasius are freshwater white fish, which are bred for consumption in the global market. Thereafter commercial pellets are fed. Fish depend on water to feed, breathe, excrete waste, grow and reproduce so understanding the physical and chemical qualities of water is critical. The fish is quite active and timid at the same t… Packaging Include: Dissolved Oxygen. One main constraint to Pangasius farming is a disease, which generates high costs in areas such as prevention and treatment. The most popular form is boneless, skinless fillets or portions in different sizes and shapes cut from fillets. Twice a year pangasius farmers have to harvest their fish as the water temperature changes with the seasons, which causes them to lose condition. It lives mostly in fresh water, but it can tolerate brackish water with a salt concentration of 0.7% - 1%, and alum water (PH > 5), which can be fatal at temperatures lower than 15C, but can be tolerated at temperatures as high as 39C. Warm water species such as Tilapia and Barramundi prefer 24 °C water or warmer, where as cold water species such as trout and salmon prefer water temperature … p>Striped catfish ( Pangasius hypophthalmus ) is a high-fat fish compared to other freshwater fish like snakehead fish and carp. 1: Survival of pangasius juveniles in salinity tolerance trial. Best Saltwater Aquarium Fish for Beginners, Flame Angelfish – Profile | Facts | Size | Tank Mates | Care | Reef, Harlequin Shrimp – Profile | Care | Food | Reef Safe | Size | Facts, Frogspawn Coral Care – Guide | Placement | Tips | Wall | Branch, Texas Cichlid – Care | Tank Mates | Breeding | Size | Temperature, Female Powder Blue Dwarf Gourami – Unique Traits. Place the form in an oven preheated to 200 degrees. is an air breathing fish thus, they don’t need to have a much higher DO in the water column. There are two types of feed available, that are floating and sinking feed. Get latest info on Pangasius Fish, suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, traders, wholesale suppliers with Pangasius Fish prices for buying. The fish inhabits in Mekong, Mae Klong and Chao Phraya river basins in the territory of Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. From RSM generated model, the optimum condition for sous-vide processing of Pangasius steaks were 1.08% chitosan concentration, 70.93 °C of cooking temperature and 16.48 min for cooking time and predicted minimum value of multiple response optimal condition was Y = 0.855 mg MDA/Kg of fish. You have entered an incorrect email address! It’s also worth noting that it can live for around 20 years or more, making it … This article will give an overview of pangasius fish, price, where to buy, is pangasius fish safe to eat. Black spot disease – Small spots of black color are seen on the fish body. Pangasius is a genus of medium-large to very giant shark catfish native to contemporary water in South and Southeast Asia. Microbial ecology of Vietnamese Tra fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fillets during processing. Stocking densities for pen systems are 40 to 60/m2, producing yields of 300-350 tonnes/ha/crop, although levels as high as 500 tonnes/ha/crop have been are reported. Commercial pelleted feed – This type of feed is dried and pelleted by industrial processing lines. The fish growth was maximum at 30-45 days of observation which corresponds with water temperature of 23.68±2.07°C, pH-8.54±0.13 and dissolved oxygen 8.26±0.10 mg/l. Temperature selection and duration time of sintering impacts on the crystallinity and mechanical property i.e. It breathes using its gills and due to special structure of its air-bladder. The eggs and milt are stripped from the fish and artificially propagated under hatchery conditions. It’s referred to as ‘Pa sooai’ and ‘Pa sooai khaeo’ in Laotian, ‘Pla Sawai’ in Thai, ‘Pra’, and ‘Trey pra’ in Khmer and ‘Cá Tra’ in Vietnamese. Floating feeds and good water quality lead to white fillets, though yellow flesh is said to come from non-commercial or natural food sources. P. hypophthalmus is omnivorous, feeding on algae, greater vegetation, zooplankton, and bugs, whereas bigger specimens additionally take fruit, crustaceans, and fish.Mature fish can attain a most customary complete size of 130 cm and as much as 44 kg in weight. Pangasius fish has a long body, latterly flattened with no scales, relatively small head, broad mouth with small sharp teeth on the jaw, and relatively large eyes. Darkish stripe on center of anal fin; darkish stripe in every caudal lobe; small gill rakers often interspersed with bigger ones. In India, Pangasius fish can be farmed under monoculture or polyculture with carp species. The fish actively swam in the water column, and survival was 100 percent in all tanks after 63 days at 3 ppt, 51 days at 13 ppt, and 22 days at 18 and 20 ppt. These must be maintained to get a better yield for the culture of Pangasius is an air-breathing fish thus; they don’t need to have a much higher Dissolved Oxygen in the water column. Get Latest Price from the seller. Primarily reared in ponds and cages, Pangasius is usually stocked at high densities (around 60 -80 fish per m 2) and grown for around 6- 8 months before reaching its harvest weight of around 1kg.. White spot disease – White patches are seen on skin, gills, and fins of the Pangasius fish. A mature 10 kg feminine can spawn over a million eggs. Tong Thi AN(1), Noseda B, Samapundo S, Nguyen BL, Broekaert K, Rasschaert G, Heyndrickx M, Devlieghere F. Author information: (1)Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Food2Know, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 … Storage Temperature: 30-35 Degree C. Potassium: 384 mg. Energy: 100 Kcal. Areas similar to hybridization, the genetic choice for optimistic manufacturing traits, and elevated introduction to acceptable traditional environments additionally seem to supply potential for additional enchancment, alternatives, and growth.The fish’s comparatively low value, delicate flavor, and delicate texture have allowed consumption to rise internationally. The Pangasius fish grows up quite rapidly and young fish grow mainly in length, and after two months in the breeding stage, baby fish can reach a length of 10 to 12cm and weigh 14-15gram. In the second nursing stage, from fry to 14 to 20 g fingerlings, survival rates over the 2 month nursing period are typically 60-70 percent. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Pangasius that are fed commercial pellets is around 1.7-19:1. Pangasius is an air-breathing fish that can tolerate low dissolved oxygen (DO) content in the water and can be cultured in ponds, concrete tanks, fish cages or pens. Water Requirements of Pangasius. Tilapia is not the name of one fish, but an umbrella name for over a dozen species of the cichlid fish, while Pangasius is a term used to refer to a variety of imported freshwater basa fish. ... showed that at that temperature, fish oil had a . Sensory evaluation of raw fillets was conducted by 3 panellists familiar with QIM, selected and trained in accordance with ISO 8586: 2012 [29]. The feed is obtainable in the form of pellets ranging in different sizes according to the size of the fishes. Pangasius can be harvested for about 5 to 6 months of the culture period. Fins darkish gray or black. Fillets can range in size up to 6-8 ounces. Floating cages additionally assist preserve steady water alternately and permit greater fish densities and productiveness. Decided to come back to farming, agriculture sector as a Farmer and Writer. Find here details of companies selling Pangasius Fish, for your purchase requirements. Treatment – Drown the fish into formalin solution at 0.02% for 7-10 days for 1 hour. Head comparatively small. Milt from one male is sufficient to fertilize the eggs of three to four females. Within the dry season, this and different species congregate and shelter within the deeper refuge areas. Fish trays were stored in a refrigerator with five stable temperature conditions of 1, 4, 9, 15, and 19 ± 1°C and three dynamic temperature regimes, namely, Dynamic 1, Dynamic 2, and Dynamic 3 (Table 1), simulating downstream conditions of the supply chain. Pangasius has a variety of qualities that make it an acceptable candidate for aquaculture. Pangasius Cat Fish. Pangasius reveals a variety of potential benefits by way of reproductive capability, resistance to low dissolved oxygen, and manufacturing yields. There are also other species of Pangasius that are sometimes sold as Pangasius Catfish, namely Pangasius pangasius and Pangasius gigas, that can reach 9 feet (300 cm) long! Iridescent sharks originate from the large rivers Chao Phraya and Mekong in Asia, though they have been introduced into other rivers for aquaculture.They are a freshwater fish that natively live in a tropical climate and prefer water with a 6.5–7.5 pH, a water hardness of 2.0–29.0 dGH, and a temperature range of 22–26 °C (72–79 °F). Then, this means it can tolerate environments with little dissolved oxygen. Find here Pangasius Fish wholesaler & Wholesale Dealers in India. Eyes comparatively giant. After round 2 months throughout breeding, it reaches about 10-12cm lengthy and 14-15 grams in weight.By the age of 10, it may attain around 25kg in farming ponds, and people weighing between 800 – 1,100 grams after 6 – eight months (not together with the breeding stage) are greatest for harvesting. Males and females grow at similar rates, with the reproduction temperature range between 26 and 28°C. Pangasius Catfish | Size | Aquarium | Diet | Care. The smoking of the fish fillets in these treatments were done in locally made improved smoking kiln. Gill rakers usually developed. It goes without saying that water quality is just as important in Pangasius farming, and must be monitored closely to ensure growth, disease prevention and survival. Water is topped up and is not exchanged during the nursery phase unless water quality deterioration is causing stress. Treatment – Treatment with copper sulfate at 0.5% is done. Pangasius fish and aquaculture first started within the 1940s in Vietnam and continues immediately alongside the Mekong River Delta area. Shelf Life: 06 - 12 Months. The time period “pangasius” is usually used to particularly check with the commercially necessary basa fish, P. bocourti. Get contact details and address | … The life cycle of P. hypophthalmus is intimately tied to the annual monsoon flood cycle, with spawning happening in Might – June firstly of the monsoon season. Primarily reared in ponds and cages, Pangasius fish is stocked at high densities (around 60 -80 fish per m2) and grown for around 6 to 8 months before reaching its harvest weight of around 1kg. The fish’s comparatively low value, delicate flavor, and delicate texture have allowed consumption to rise internationally. Though, water supplied to nursery ponds is filtered through fine-meshed cloth to exclude predators. Extra lately, aquaculture operations have moved to Ben Tre, Tien Giang and Vinh Lengthy Provinces close to the Mekong River’s mouth the place ecological situations are beneficial because of pure tidal actions twice a day and a few giants and small islands removed from residential areas. Aquaculture introductions have taken place to a number of different Asian international locations together with Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar. About the Company. Producers aerate the ponds and exchange water for several hours daily during the culture period by tidal exchange; this reduces muddy off-flavor and produces whiter flesh. The species can grow to 1 to 1.5 kg in one year, and annual yields are 10 to 15 tons per hectare. It can reach one and a half meters in length, and in … Temperature in the ponds ranges from 28 to 32°C, which matches the preferred range of pangasius. The fish is also bred in the USA (in the paddy fields), Bangladesh, Singapore and Philippines. Optimum temperature and sintering duration will be Vietnamese catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) products, both farmed and freshwater, are appreciated in many European countries, the U.S., Canada, Japan etc. Put the fish for half an hour in the oven and bake at a temperature of about 200 degrees. General information. Treatment – Dose of oxytetracycline at 3 to 5gm/100lb of fish/day is given for 10 days or the dose of Furazolidone is given in feed at 100mg/kg/fish for 6 days. Both fish are characterized by similar traits and have their origins in tropical regions. Pangasius are a riverine species and require specific environmental conditions under which to reproduce naturally. In the present day, farms are obliged to offer info on any potential environmental impression earlier than farming operations can start. The spices compliment the subtle taste of the fish and give it a real complex flavor. Treatment – Add Malathion (50 EC) at 1l/acre at the interval of 15 days for 3 times. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The top 10 cultured fish species are carps, except tilapia, Pangasius catfish and Atlantic salmon (Table 1.2). The disease peaks during the rainy season, when temperatures drop below 28 degrees-C. The harvesting stage can be done in partial (selective harvesting) or total harvesting. Fig. Dewang International Fisheries - Offering Pangasius Fish Seed, Water Temperature: 20-30 Celsius, Packaging Size: 100-500 Piece at Rs 1.30/piece in Nagpur, Maharashtra. You should not miss this: Biofloc Shrimp Farming. Water quality parameters like pH (6.5-7.5), Dissolve Oxygen (DO) (0.1 mg/l), Temperature (25-30° C), Salinity (<2 ppt) and water depth (1.5-2m). This has considerably contributed to the fish’s speedy progress and acceptance of world markets. Pangasius fish has a higher number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) than any other fish, plus Pangasius fish have an additional respiratory organ, and can breathe through bubbles and skin which help it tolerate an environment short of dissolved oxygen. Males and females grow at similar rates, with the reproduction temperature between 26 and 28°C. Males and females grow at similar rates, with the reproduction temperature range between 26 and 28°C. Pangasius fish feed has developed greatly over the years. Within the meantime, large-scale manufacturing in Vietnam and extra manufacturing by international locations similar to China have led to the advertising and marketing of Pangasius filets at low costs. Aqueous seaweed extracts were prepared using three standardised methods as per López, Rico, Rivero, and de Tangil (2011) denoted as X1; Taipong et al. In 2013, total fish feed production was only 1.9 million tonnes and included those for the tilapia, snakehead, grouper, and seabass (AAP, 2013). Primarily reared in ponds and cages, Pangasius fish is stocked at high densities (around 60 -80 fish per m2) and grown for around 6 to 8 months before reaching its harvest weight of around 1kg. Men and women develop at related charges, with the copy temperature between 26 and 28°C. It can be harvested after 5 to 6 months of culture period when its weight reaches approximately 1-1.5kg. Pangasius is available in the same forms available for most fish. It is a highly migratory riverine species. It’s referred to as ‘Pa sooai’ and ‘Pa sooai khaeo’ in Laotian, ‘Pla Sawai’ in Thai, ‘Pra’, and ‘Trey pra’ in Khmer and ‘Cá Tra’ in Vietnamese.Like all Pangasiid species, P. hypophthalmus is an extremely migratory riverine fish species that makes long-distance migrations over a number of hundred kilometers (potamodromous) between the upstream refuge and spawning habitats and downstream feeding and nursery habitats.